Understanding success and psychological well-being of gifted kids and adolescents: Focusing on strengths of the heart / Entendendo o sucesso e o bem-estar psicológico de crianças e adolescentes superdotados: concentrando-se nas forças do coração

This article describes the work that the author has been focusing on over the last 15 years: understanding the social and emotional world of the gifted child and adolescent. The article describes the history behind how the author came to develop his thinking on the now popular concept, "strengths of the heart". Strengths of the heart include a triad of psychological concepts: social skills, emotional intelligence, and character strengths and virtues. Together, this triad of psychological concepts, strengths of the heart, predict to important life outcomes, including success, psychological health, happiness, and subjective well-being.

Este artigo descreve o trabalho em que o autor tem se focado nos últimos 15 anos: compreender o mundo social e emocional da criança e do adolescente superdotados. O artigo descreve a história por trás de como o autor veio a desenvolver seu pensamento sobre o conceito atualmente disseminado de "forças do coração". O conceito de forças do coração inclui uma tríade de conceitos psicológicos: habilidades sociais, inteligência emocional e forças e virtudes do caráter. Conjuntamente, essa tríade de conceitos psicológicos, as forças do coração, antevê importantes resultados na vida do indivíduo, incluindo sucesso, saúde psicológica, felicidade e bem-estar subjetivo.

Gifted students with a coexisting disability: The twice exceptional / Estudantes com altas habilidades/superdotação com deficiência associada: a dupla excepcionalidade

The twice exceptional are students who have both high ability and a disability or disorder. The ability can be in any culturally-valued domain, including high intelligence, academics, the visual or performing arts, and athletics. The co-existing disability can be physical, medical, or psychological. There is a growing literature of scholarly opinion about twice exceptionality; however, there are few well-designed empirical investigations of gifted students with anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, eating disorders, conduct problems, or medical, physical or sensory disabilities. This article examines a few key issues about the twice exceptional student and then discusses what we know about the gifted students with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and gifted students with learning disabilities. The article also provides a brief discussion on suicide and the gifted student.(AU)

Estudantes com dupla excepcionalidade são aqueles que apresentam, concomitantemente, alta capacidade e uma deficiência ou doença. A capacidade pode ser expressa em qualquer domínio culturalmente valorizado, incluindo alta inteligência, rendimento acadêmico, artes visuais ou performativas e esporte. Por outro lado, a deficiência coexistente pode ser física, médica ou psicológica. Há uma literatura acadêmica crescente sobre a dupla excepcionalidade, sendo importante destacar, no entanto, um número reduzido de pesquisas empíricas desenvolvidas junto a alunos superdotados que apresentam ansiedade, depressão, transtorno bipolar, transtorno de deficit de atenção/hiperatividade, transtornos alimentares, problemas de conduta ou incapacidades físicas ou sensoriais. Este artigo examina algumas questões-chave sobre o discente duplamente excepcional e, em seguida, discute o que se sabe sobre os alunos superdotados com transtorno de deficit de atenção/hiperatividade e aqueles com dificuldades de aprendizagem. O artigo também fornece uma breve discussão sobre o suicídio e o aluno superdotado.(AU)

Gifted students with a coexisting disability: the twice exceptional / Estudantes com altas habilidades/superdotação com deficiência associada: a dupla excepcionalidade

The twice exceptional are students who have both high ability and a disability or disorder. The ability can be in any culturally-valued domain, including high intelligence, academics, the visual or performing arts, and athletics. The co-existing disability can be physical, medical, or psychological. There is a growing literature of scholarly opinion about twice exceptionality; however, there are few well-designed empirical investigations of gifted students with anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, eating disorders, conduct problems, or medical, physical or sensory disabilities. This article examines a few key issues about the twice exceptional student and then discusses what we know about the gifted students with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and gifted students with learning disabilities. The article also provides a brief discussion on suicide and the gifted student.

Estudantes com dupla excepcionalidade são aqueles que apresentam, concomitantemente, alta capacidade e uma deficiência ou doença. A capacidade pode ser expressa em qualquer domínio culturalmente valorizado, incluindo alta inteligência, rendimento acadêmico, artes visuais ou performativas e esporte. Por outro lado, a deficiência coexistente pode ser física, médica ou psicológica. Há uma literatura acadêmica crescente sobre a dupla excepcionalidade, sendo importante destacar, no entanto, um número reduzido de pesquisas empíricas desenvolvidas junto a alunos superdotados que apresentam ansiedade, depressão, transtorno bipolar, transtorno de deficit de atenção/hiperatividade, transtornos alimentares, problemas de conduta ou incapacidades físicas ou sensoriais. Este artigo examina algumas questões-chave sobre o discente duplamente excepcional e, em seguida, discute o que se sabe sobre os alunos superdotados com transtorno de deficit de atenção/hiperatividade e aqueles com dificuldades de aprendizagem. O artigo também fornece uma breve discussão sobre o suicídio e o aluno superdotado.

Youth leadership: a proposal for identifying and developing creativity and giftedness / Liderança em jovens: uma proposta para identificação e desenvolvimento da criatividade e superdotação

There is a considerable amount of literature on leadership, particularly as it relates to organizations, government, and the military. However, educators and psychologists know considerably less about early precursors of leadership, how leadership develops in youth, possible gender differences, and the relationship of leadership, intelligence and creativity. A global consensus exists that leaders are needed and that we shouldn't delay the early development of leadership skills. The authors propose a model to enhance creative leadership and introduce a teacher-completed rating scale, the Gifted Rating Scales to help accomplish this. As demonstrated, there are possibilities to detect early creative and intellectual giftedness among children and youngsters in the classrooms and expectations to move from a basic level of competence to reach an elite or expert level in any field, facilitating the emergence of leadership.(AU)

O tema da liderança vem sendo debatido intensamente na literatura, principalmente no ambiente empresarial, governamental e militar. Entretanto, o conhecimento é bastante escasso entre os educadores e psicólogos sobre os indicadores da liderança, ou melhor, como a liderança se desenvolve entre os jovens, possíveis diferenças de sexo, e a relação da inteligência com a criatividade. Os autores apresentam um modelo para estimular a liderança criativa assim como uma escala para professores avaliarem superdotação a fim de atingir este objetivo. Como demonstrado, existem possibilidades de detectar a superdotação intelectual e criativa entre crianças e jovens e expectativas de superação de um nível básico de competência para atingir o de especialista ou esperto, em qualquer área, permitindo assim o aparecimento da liderança.(AU)

Youth leadership: a proposal for identifying and developing creativity and giftedness / Liderança em jovens: uma proposta para identificação e desenvolvimento da criatividade e superdotação

There is a considerable amount of literature on leadership, particularly as it relates to organizations, government, and the military. However, educators and psychologists know considerably less about early precursors of leadership, how leadership develops in youth, possible gender differences, and the relationship of leadership, intelligence and creativity. A global consensus exists that leaders are needed and that we shouldn't delay the early development of leadership skills. The authors propose a model to enhance creative leadership and introduce a teacher-completed rating scale, the Gifted Rating Scales to help accomplish this. As demonstrated, there are possibilities to detect early creative and intellectual giftedness among children and youngsters in the classrooms and expectations to move from a basic level of competence to reach an elite or expert level in any field, facilitating the emergence of leadership...

O tema da liderança vem sendo debatido intensamente na literatura, principalmente no ambiente empresarial, governamental e militar. Entretanto, o conhecimento é bastante escasso entre os educadores e psicólogos sobre os indicadores da liderança, ou melhor, como a liderança se desenvolve entre os jovens, possíveis diferenças de sexo, e a relação da inteligência com a criatividade. Os autores apresentam um modelo para estimular a liderança criativa assim como uma escala para professores avaliarem superdotação a fim de atingir este objetivo. Como demonstrado, existem possibilidades de detectar a superdotação intelectual e criativa entre crianças e jovens e expectativas de superação de um nível básico de competência para atingir o de especialista ou esperto, em qualquer área, permitindo assim o aparecimento da liderança...

Validation of the Gifted Rating Scales-School Form in China.

The Gifted Rating Scales-School Form (GRS-S), a teacher-completed rating scale, is designed to identify five types of giftedness and motivation. This study examines the reliability and validity of a Chinese-translated version of the GRS-S with a sample of Chinese elementary and middle school students (N = 499). The Chinese GRSS was found to have high internal consistency. Results of the confirmatory factor analysis corroborated the six-factor solution of the original GRS-S. Comparison of the GRS-S scores and measures of academic performance provide preliminary support for the criterion validity of the Chinese-translated GRS-S. Significant age and gender differences on the Chinese GRS-S were found. Results provide preliminary support for the Chinese version of the GRS-S as a reliable and valid measure of giftedness for Chinese students.

Identifying Young Gifted Children Using the Gifted Rating Scales-Preschool/Kindergarten Form.

This article reports on an analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of a new teacher rating scale designed to assist in the identification of gifted preschool and kindergarten students. The Gifted Rating Scales-Preschool/Kindergarten Form (GRS-P) is based on a multidimensional model of giftedness. An examination of the standardization sample using diagnostic efficiency statistics provides support for the diagnostic accuracy of the GRS-P Intellectual Ability and Academic Ability scales identifying intellectual giftedness, irrespective of the IQ cut score used to demarcate giftedness. The present findings extend the analysis of the standardization sample reported in the test manual and provide additional support for the GRS-P as a gifted screening tool.

The Gifted Rating Scales-School Form: A Validation Study Based on Age, Gender, and Race.

This study examined the internal consistency and validity of a new rating scale to identify gifted students, the Gifted Rating Scales-School Form (GRS-S). The study explored the effect of gender, race/ethnicity, age, and rater familiarity on GRS-S ratings. One hundred twenty-two students in first to eighth grade from elementary and middle schools in the southeastern United States participated in the investigation. Results indicated high internal consistency for the six GRS-S scales: Intellectual Ability, Academic Ability, Creativity, Artistic Talent, Leadership, and Motivation. Results revealed no effect of race/ethnicity, age, or rater familiarity with the student. There was no significant effect for gender, although a trend was noted for girls rated slightly higher than boys across all scales. This trend was consistent with analyses of the standardization data and with cross-cultural findings using translated versions of the GRS-S. The present findings provided support for the GRS-S as a valid gifted screening instrument.

The Reliability and Validity of a Spanish Translated Version of the Gifted Rating Scales.

This study was a preliminary examination of the psychometric properties of a newly developed Spanish translated version of the Gifted Rating Scales-School Form (GRS-S). Data was collected from elementary and middle schools in northeastern Puerto Rico. Thirty teachers independently rated 153 students using the GRS-S Spanish Form. Results indicated strong internal consistency for teacher ratings with alphas ranging from .98 to .99. Intercorrelations between scales are moderate to strong, ranging from .88 to .97. Factor testing of two separate models supported a six factor model proposed by authors of the GRS-S. Results provided initial support for the GRS-S Spanish translated version as a reliable and potentially useful screening measure to assist in the identification of island Puerto Rican gifted students.

Behavioral and emotional symptoms of children and adolescents with Prader-Willi Syndrome.

To examine the behavioral and emotional difficulties of 73 children and adolescents with Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS), mental retardation-only, and dual diagnosis (i.e., mental retardation and psychiatrically disordered) on the Devereux Scales of Mental Disorders (DSMD: Naglieri, LeBuffe, & Pfeiffer, Devereux Scales of Mental Disorders (DSMD) San Antonio, TX: PsychCorp 1994). Multivariate analyses and "Italic">d-ratios were computed to assess the statistical and clinically meaningful differences between pairs of samples. The PWS sample exhibited statistically significant higher levels of psychopathology than the mentally-retarded-only sample on the Total, Externalizing, Internalizing, Attention/Delinquency, Conduct, Anxiety, and Acute Problems Scales. When compared to the dually-diagnosed sample, children with PWS Syndrome had comparable levels of psychopathology, but lower levels of depression. Results revealed that PWS represents a highly unique and complex psychological disorder with multiple areas of disturbances.